Research Publications

Featured Study

Sus caledonia: Extinction, Myth & Reintroduction

Haggis Reintroduction Biology Programme Sus caledonia

This study represents the first structured ecological and behavioural investigation of S. caledonia under conservation management.

Research Aim

To evaluate whether:

  1. Haggis can breed successfully in a semi-natural captive environment
  2. Captive-born offspring can be reintroduced to the wild with high survival and behavioural competence

Study Design

  • Study period: 2019–2024
  • Founding population: 20 mature Highland haggis (14 females, 6 males)
  • Habitat: 9 acres of mixed Scots Pine woodland and heather moorland
  • Monitoring methods:
    • 250 motion-sensor remote cameras
    • Thermal drone surveys
    • Observation hides
    • GPS tracking collars Sus caledonia

The project followed ethical review procedures, welfare oversight, and conservation best practice for species reintroduction.

Key Biological Findings

Breeding Success

  • Stable captive reproduction over five years
  • Mean productivity: ~25 haglets per year
  • Natural maternal care and social structures retained Sus caledonia

Behaviour & Social Structure

  • Female-led social groups (“cèilidh”) maintained
  • Natural dispersal patterns observed in males
  • No evidence of behavioural maladaptation in captivity Sus caledonia

Reintroduction Outcomes

  • 72 haglets released at 2 years of age
  • Integration into wild social groupings observed
  • Mortality limited to:
    • Road traffic incidents (2)
    • Respiratory disease (7)
  • 10 collar losses (common in wildlife telemetry) Sus caledonia

These results indicate strong post-release adaptation and support captive breeding as a viable conservation strategy.

Conservation Significance

The programme demonstrates that:

  • Semi-natural captive systems can preserve wild behaviours
  • Maternal learning plays a major role in post-release survival
  • Reintroduction of S. caledonia is biologically feasible

This provides a framework for future recovery of additional haggis subspecies.

Access the Research Paper

Scroll to Top